Food Centre technicians

The role of food testing research and essential facilities needed

AberInnovation
August 28, 2024
In this blog, we will explore the role of food testing research and outline the essential facilities needed to conduct comprehensive food testing and how AberInnovation’s competitive capabilities can help support research in this area.

What is food testing research?

Food testing research encompasses a broad range of activities aimed at examining the safety, quality, and authenticity of food products. This research is crucial for several reasons:

Ensuring food safety

The primary goal of food testing is to ensure that food products are safe for consumption. This involves detecting and identifying harmful pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, that can cause foodborne illnesses. Common pathogens tested for include Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria. 

Food testing can also detect chemical contaminants, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and mycotoxins, which can pose serious health risks.

Verifying food quality

Food testing also assesses the quality of food products by analysing nutritional content such as vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. This verification ensures that food labels accurately reflect the contents of the product, helping consumers make informed choices about their diet. 

Quality testing also involves checking for spoilage and degradation, ensuring that food products remain fresh and consumable throughout their shelf life.

Detecting food fraud

Food fraud, such as mislabelling, contamination, and substitution, is a growing concern in the food industry. 

Food testing research helps detect and prevent such fraudulent activities by verifying the authenticity of food products. Techniques like DNA barcoding and isotope analysis can identify species and geographical origin, ensuring that products meet regulatory standards and consumer expectations.

Supporting regulatory compliance

Food testing research is essential for regulatory compliance. Food producers and manufacturers must adhere to strict safety and quality standards set by national and international regulatory bodies, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the World Health Organization (WHO). 

Regular food testing helps companies comply with these regulations, avoid legal penalties, and maintain consumer trust.

Essential facilities for food testing

Managing comprehensive food testing requires access to specific facilities equipped with advanced technologies and trained personnel. An outline of key facilities and equipment needed for effective food testing are below:

Microbiology laboratory

A microbiology laboratory is essential for testing food samples for microbial contamination. This lab should be equipped with:

  • Incubators for growing and maintaining microbial cultures at specific temperatures.
  • Autoclave for sterilising equipment.
  • Laminar flow hoods for creating a sterile environment to prevent contamination.
  • Microscopes for observing microorganisms.
  • Culture media for growing specific types of bacteria and fungi.

Chemistry laboratory

A chemistry laboratory is necessary for analysing chemical composition of food products. Key equipment includes:

  • High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which is used for separating and identifying chemical compounds in food.
  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) which detects and quantifies volatile and semi-volatile compounds.
  • Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is used to analyse metal concentrations.
  • Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identifies organic compounds.

Molecular biology laboratory

For detecting food fraud and identifying pathogens at the genetic level, a molecular biology laboratory is required. This lab should have:

  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) machines for developing DNA and RNA samples.
  • Gel electrophoresis systems used to separate DNA fragments.
  • DNA sequencers which determine DNA sequences.
  • Real-time PCR (qPCR) instruments to quantify DNA and RNA in real-time.

Sensory analysis laboratory

Sensory analysis labs are used to evaluate the taste, texture, smell, and appearance of food products and typically include:

  • Sensory booths which are isolated booths for sensory panellists to evaluate food samples impartially.
  • Data collection and analysis to record and analyse sensory data.
  • Reference standards for training panellists and calibrating instruments.

Sample preparation area

A dedicated area for preparing food samples is crucial to prevent cross-contamination and ensure accurate results. This area should have:

  • Blenders and homogenisers for processing food samples.
  • Analytical balances for precise measurement of samples.
  • Refrigerators and freezers to store samples at appropriate temperatures.
  • Filtration systems to purify and concentrate samples.

Food testing facilities at AberInnovation

AberInnovation in Aberystwyth, Wales is a science innovation centre that offers organisations and start-up companies unrivalled facilities and academic expertise at our ‘Future Food Centre’.

Our food grade environment for the testing, validation and improvement of existing and novel materials as foods including nutritional content, advanced compositional analysis, shelf life and consumer preferences.

All research project teams also benefit from the support of food technologist Pamela Thompson

Learn more 

Take a virtual tour around this important section of the AberInnovation research and development facility:

https://youtu.be/OyHLTNN9pKs?si=YHZAP8_TDZEJrKQW 

Contact us

If you would like more information about our team, services and funding opportunities, contact us.